Axit Frohydric - HF - Frohydric Acid

20 Đánh giá / Thêm đánh giá
Công thức: HF
Hàm lượng: 55% min
Ngoại quan:Axit Frohydric – HF có dạng lỏng, màu trong suốt.
Quy cách: 25kg/can
Lượt xem: 173462

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. Tên gọi khác: Axit Frohydric, HF, Frohydric acid

Tổng quan Axit Frohydric – HF.

Đặc tính: Axit flohiđric là một dung dịch của hydrogen fluoride (HF) trong nước, Cùng với hydrogen fluoride, hydrofluoric acid là một nguồn flo quý giá, là chất tiền thân của nhiều dược phẩm, polymer (ví dụ Teflon), và phần lớn các chất tổng hợp có chứa flo. Người ta biết đến axit này nhiều nhất là khả năng hòa tan kính của nó do axit này tác dụng với SiO2, thành phần chính của kính. Quá trình hòa tan có thể miêu tả như sau:

SiO2(s) + 4HF(aq) → SiF4(g) + 2H2O(l)

SiO2(s) + 6HF(aq) → H2[SiF6](aq) + 2H2O(l)

Bởi tính chất phản ứng mạnh với kính, axit flohidric thường được lưu chứa trong các bình nhựa polyethylene hoặc Teflon. Nó cũng đặc trưng bởi khả năng hòa tan nhiều kim loại và oxit của các á kim.

. Ứng dụng:

Lọc dầu.

Trong một tiêu chuẩn nhà máy lọc dầu quá trình được gọi là ankyl hóa , isobutane Alkylated với trọng lượng phân tử thấp các alkene (chủ yếu là một hỗn hợp của propylen , butylen ) trong sự hiện diện của chất xúc tác acid mạnh có nguồn gốc từ acid HF. Chất xúc tác protonates các alkene (propylen, butylen) để sản xuất carbocations phản ứng , mà alkylate isobutane. Phản ứng này được thực hiện ở nhiệt độ nhẹ (0 và 30 ° C) trong một phản ứng hai giai đoạn.

fluoride trong môi trường, công nghệ thay thế đang được tìm kiếm. Florua vô cơ khác được chuẩn bị từ acid HF bao gồm sodium fluoride và hexafluoride uranium . 

Chất ăn mòn và làm sạch

Khả năng của acid HF để hòa tan các oxit kim loại là cơ sở của một số ứng dụng. Nó loại bỏ các tạp chất oxit từ thép không gỉ, một quá trình được gọi là tẩy, và các tấm wafersilicon trong ngành công nghiệp chất bán dẫn. Về vấn đề này cũng được gọi là BHF, (khi đệm với Fluoride Amoni), và BOE (cho Oxide đệm Etch). Nó là một thành phần quan trọng của Wright Etch và HNA tương tự (HF + Nitric + Acetic Acid) etch. Theo cách tương tự, nó cũng được sử dụng để etch kính . Gel axit 5% đến 9% HF cũng thường được sử dụng để etch tất cả các phục hồi nha khoa gốm để cải thiện liên kết.  Đối với lý do tương tự, pha loãng axít flohiđric là một thành phần của hộ gia đình tẩy vết gỉ và xe rửa"sạch bánh xe" các hợp chất. HF axit tấn công thủy tinh bằng cách phản ứng với silicon dioxide để tạo thành các florua silicon khí hoặc hòa tan trong nước. Quá trình này giải thể tiến hành như sau:

SiO 2 + 4 HF → SIF 4 (g) + 2 H 2 O

SiO 2 + 6 HF → H 2 SIF 6 + 2 H 2 O

Bởi vì khả năng hòa tan oxit sắt cũng như silica-chất gây ô nhiễm, axit HF được sử dụng trước khi vận hành nồi hơi sản xuất hơi nước áp suất cao.

Ứng dụng phá đá

Bởi vì khả năng của mình để hòa tan các oxit, axit HF là hữu ích cho việc giải thể các mẫu đá (thường là bột) trước khi phân tích. Theo cách tương tự, axit này được sử dụng trong macerations axit để trích xuất các hóa thạch hữu cơ từ các loại đá silicat. Fossiliferous đá có thể được nhúng trực tiếp vào acid, hoặc một bộ phim cellulose nitrate có thể được áp dụng (giải thể trong acetate amilic), tuân thủ các thành phần hữu cơ và cho phép đá bị giải thể xung quanh nó. 

Pha loãng axít flohiđric (1-3% khối lượng) được sử dụng trong ngành công nghiệp dầu khí trong hỗn hợp với axit (HCl hoặc acid hữu cơ) để kích thích sản xuất của nước, dầu, và các giếng khí đốt đặc biệt, nơi đá sa thạch được tham gia

Acid HF cũng được sử dụng bởi một số nhà sưu tập các chai thủy tinh cổ để loại bỏ cái gọi là bệnh từ thủy tinh, gây ra bởi axit (thường là trong đất chai được chôn cất tại) tấn công các nội dung soda của kính.

Tham khảo thêm:

hóa chất cho dệt nhuộm

soda dense

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High performance audi stolen sydney thief evades police in chase

Updated

A Melbourne man has been caught stealing a stolen vehicle, leaving it in a ditch, in NSW's northern Sydney.

Key points: The stolen car was spotted on the side of the road, just outside the suburb of Monaro

No-one was hurt

Police found it in a ditch and arrested a man, who was wearing a white T-shirt, jeans and sandals

The car was stopped just outside the suburb of Monaro on Sunday morning, with police hoping he would be able to turn the stolen vehicle over.

But in a police interview today, he refused to answer any questions and did not explain why he had stolen the car — a 2007 blue Toyota Corolla.

In one version of events, he described himself as a middle-aged man, with a "small build", and said he did not feel he had to answer any more questions.

"I don't know that any police officer would've put their boots on me and forced me to answer any questions...and then if I did I would've had nothing to say," the man said.

"I've only been to NSW once in the last 10 years and this was the first time I have ever been stopped by police. It was bizarre, at first."

He admitted the vehicle had been stolen, saying he had been away on holiday.

"I've just got it in the hands of the dealer as I've got no business in the area," he said.

"If this guy hadn't put it in a ditch I would've had no choice but to surrender it.

"If I was a burglar... I would've found a way of stealing this vehicle without being caught."

Officers interviewed the man on Tuesday but in that interview he refused to give evidence and said he would prefer not to answer police questions.

He also refused to reveal how many kilometres he had driven or give details of his criminal history.

It is understood he had no previous convictions, and the man had been living in Monaro since 2007.

The car was reported stolen on May 22 in Monaro, NSW, and police are attempting to trace it.

They were contacted on Tuesday to check its status after being tipped off by a friend.

The woman who reported the stolen car said she saw two people get out of the car and her husband heard the crash and a crackle.

"He looked over at my husband and he said you can't be talking."

Topics: law-crime-and-justice, crime, stolen-vehicle, accidents---other, sa, adelaide-5000

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